Medical disclaimer

Materia is for general education and information only. It is not medical advice, and using it does not create a clinician–patient relationship.

The information here is a summary of published research and authoritative references. It may be incomplete, may not apply to your situation, and may become outdated as new evidence emerges. Herbs, supplements, and drugs can interact with each other and with conditions you have. Some are unsafe in pregnancy, with certain illnesses, or before surgery.

Always talk to a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or combining any remedy, supplement, or medication — especially if you are pregnant or nursing, have a medical condition, or take prescription drugs.

If you have severe, sudden, or worsening symptoms — or any of the red-flag warnings shown on a condition page — seek medical care. In an emergency, call your local emergency number.

Materia makes no guarantee that any remedy is safe or effective for you. We carry no ads, sell nothing, and accept no money from companies whose products we describe. To understand how we grade and cite evidence, see our methodology.